PROPERTIES IN C#

Programming languages that does not have properties use getter and setter methods to encapsulate and protect fields.

In this example we use the SetId(Int Id) and GetId() methods to encapsulate _id class field

As a result, we have better control on what gets assigned and returned from the _id field.

Note: Encapsulation is one of the primary pillars of object oriented programming.


PROPERTIES:

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using ConsoleApplication4;

namespace ConsoleApplication4

{

    public class Student

    {

        private int _id;

        private string _Name;

        private int _PassMark = 35;

        public int GetPassMark()

        {

            return this._PassMark;

        }

        public void SetName(string Name)

        {

            //return string.IsNullOrEmpty(this._Name) ? "no name" : this._Name;{ this is using turnary operator

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Name))

            {

                throw new Exception("NAME SHOULD NOT BE EMPTY OR NULL");

            }

            this._Name = Name;

        }

        public string GetName()

        {

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(this._Name))

            {

                return  " no name";

            }

            else

            {

                return this._Name;

            }

        }

       

        public void SetId(int Id)

        {

            if(Id <= 0)

            {

                throw new Exception("Student Id can not be negative");

            }

            this._id = Id;

        }

        public int GetId()

        {

            return this._id;

        }

    }

   public class Program

    {

        static void Main()

        {

            Student C1 = new Student();

            C1.SetId(101);

            C1.SetName("MALLA");

            Console.WriteLine("student id = {0}", C1.GetId());

            Console.WriteLine("student Name = {0}", C1.GetName());

            Console.WriteLine("student PassMark = {0}", C1.GetPassMark());

            Console.ReadLine();

        }

        

    }

}

===========================

In C# we use set and get properties

Read/Write properties

Read Only Properties

Write Only Properties

Auto Implemented Properties

properties

1. we use get and set accessors to implement properties

2. A property with both get and set accessor is a Read/Write property

3. A property with only get accessor is a Read Only property.

4. A property with only set accessor is a Write only property

Note: The advantage of properties over traditional Get() and Set() methods is that, you can access them as if they were public fields.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using ConsoleApplication4;

namespace ConsoleApplication4
{
    public class Student
    {
        private int _Id;
        private string _Name;
        private int _PassMark = 35;
        private string _City;
        private string _Email;


        public string Email { get; set; }
            //get // when there is no logic then we can simply write like above.
            //{
            //    return this._Email;
            //}
            //set
            //{
            //    this._Email = value;
            //}
       
        public string city
        {
            get
            {
                return this._City;
            }
            set
            {
                this._City = value;
            }

        }

        public int PassMark
        {
            get
            {
                return this._PassMark;
            }
        }
        public string Name
        {

           set{
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
            {
                throw new Exception("NAME SHOULD NOT BE EMPTY OR NULL");
            }
            this._Name = value;
        }
            get
            {
                return string.IsNullOrEmpty(this._Name) ? "No Name" : this._Name;
            }
    }

        public int Id
        {
            set
            {
                if (value <= 0)
                {
                    throw new Exception("student id is not negative value");

                }
                this._Id = value;
            }
            get
            {
                return this._Id;
            }
        }
    }
        public class Program
        {
            static void Main()
            {
                Student C1 = new Student();
                C1.Id =101;
                C1.Name = "malla";
               
                Console.WriteLine("student id = {0}", C1.Id);
                Console.WriteLine("student Name = {0}", C1.Name);
                Console.WriteLine("student PassMark = {0}", C1.PassMark);
                Console.ReadLine();
            }
        }
    }


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>If there is no additional logic in the property accessors, then we can make use of auto-implementation properties introduced in c# 3.0
>Auto-implementation properties reduce the amount of code that we have to write.
>when you use auto-implementation properties, the compiler creates a private anonymous field that can only be accessed through the property's get and set accessors.